IDENTIFICATION OF JAVANESE GINSENG(Talinum paniculatum)

JAVANESE GINSENG (Talinum paniculatum)

T. Paniculatum is known as Javanese som or Javanese ginseng. T. Paniculatum is a plant originating from tropical America, namely Southeast and South America, which grows at an altitude of 5 to 1,250 m above sea level. Javanese people plant T. Paniculatum as a medicinal and ornamental plant. Sometimes it grows as a wild plant. T. Paniculatum is an annual terna that grows upright, thick fleshy roots, commonly used as a substitute for cholecome (Isro’illa, 2016).

Morphological character

Habitus: upright herbs; height reaches ± 1 m; has a lot of branches. Leaves: ovate; blunt tip; thin; flat leaf surface; green color; flat leaf edge; pinnate leaf bone; length ± 12 cm; width ± 5 cm; petiole length ± 2.5 cm. Trunk: Blunt rectangular; purplish green; Its surface is covered in fine hairs; short. Flowers: Flowers have a length of ± 4-5 cm; flower tubes whose length is ± 5-6 cm. A wilted flower crown will be released from the base of the flower; Light purple petals; semicircular; encircling 5 strands that fuse to form a flower tube. Pistil: slightly purplish white; arrested 1 fruit; flattened pistil; pistil stems ± 3 cm in length. Stamen: White; 4 pieces; flower stalks attached to the walls of flower tubes; the length is ± 0.5 - 1 cm. Sari head / White sari box with width: ± 1mm; length: ± 6mm. Pollen: White; set a lot, rather sticky. So the pollination process through the help of insects (Entomogamy). Flower Petals: Green; ± 3 cm in length, flower petals are still there until the fruit is ripe. Fruit: Tubular with a tapered tip; the length is ± 2-3 cm; young fruits are green, ripe fruits are brown. If the ripe fruit is released the air will erupt and come loose and be thrown from the stem. Seeds: Round in shape; flat; brown. Root; The form of taproots in the form of tubers.

Classification

Kingdom:        Plantae

Clade     :         Tracheophytes

Clade     :          Angiosperms

Clade     :          Eudicots

Order     :          Caryophyllales

Family   :          Talinaceae

Genus    :          Talinum

Species   :          T. Paniculatum

Reference :

         Isro’illa, D. E. W. I., 2016. Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Susut Bobot dan              Kadar Saponin Umbi Talinum paniculatum (Jacq) Gaertn. Skripsi  Fakultas                 Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Nusantara PGRI. Kendari.

IDENTIFICATION OF FIRECRACKER FLOWER (Crossandra infundibuliformis)

FIRECRACKER FLOWER (Crossandra infundibuliformis)

The common name "firecracker flower" refers to the seed pods, which are found after the flower has dried up, and tend to "explode" when near high humidity or rainfall. The "explosion" releases the seeds onto the ground, thereby creating new seedlings. It is popularly known as kanakambaram in Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu and kanakambara in Kannada. In Maharashtra and Goa it is known as aboli. They are the state flower of Goa. There are two kinds of aboli, the sadi or simple ones, these are a lighter shade of orange, and they bloom. The ratan aboli is a darker shade of orange, and they remain buds.

Morphological character

Habitus : low  shrubs species, height 25-33.5cm. Stem diameter <2cm; cylindrical rod shape; green stem colo; smooth stem surface. Leaf spreading layout; leaf stalk length <2cm; leaf stalk color green; leaf base flat; curved leaf edge; leaf edge tapered; leaf surface color green; leaf surface color pale green; leaf reinforcement pinnate. Flower growing at the tip; single flower; attached petals; number of petals 3-5; orange petal color.

Classification

Kingdom  :      Plantae

Clade       :       Tracheophytes

Clade        :      Angiosperms

Clade       :       Eudicots

Clade       :       Asterids

Order       :       Lamiales

Family     :       Acanthaceae

Genus      :       Crossandra

Species    :       C. Infundibuliformis

IDENTIFICATION OF MINNIEROOT (Ruellia tuberosa)

MINNIEROOT (Ruellia tuberosa)

Ruellia tuberosa, also known as minnieroot, fever root, snapdragon root and sheep potato is a species of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae. Its native range is in Central America but presently it has become naturalized in many countries of tropical South and Southeast Asia.

Morphological character

Habitus: erect herbs with a height of ± 1 m and have many branches. Leaves: ovate; Punch tip; thin; flat leaf surface; green color; flat leaf edge; pinnate leaf bone; length ± 12 cm; width ± 5 cm; petiole length ± 2.5 cm. Trunk: Blunt rectangular; purplish green; the surface is covered with fine and short hairs. Flowers: length ± 4-5 cm; flower tube length ± 5-6 cm; the wilted flower crown will be released from the base of the flower. Crown of flowers: thin light purple; semicircular; amount of 5 strands which essentially merge to form a flower tube. Cut: White rather purple; totaling 1 piece; flattened pistil; pistil stems ± 3 cm in length. Stamen: White; totaling 4 pieces with a sari stick attached to the wall of the flower tube; the stalk is ± 0.5 cm in length. Sari head / white sari box with width: ± 1mm, length: ± 6mm. Pollen: White; large amounts; rather sticky. So that the pollination process through the help of insects (Entomogamy). Flower Petals: Green; total of 4 pieces; length ± 3 cm; Flower petals are still there until the fruit is ripe. Fruit: Tubular with a tapered tip; the length is ± 2-3 cm; young fruits are green while ripe fruits are brown. If the ripe fruit is exposed to water it will erupt and come loose and be thrown from the stem. The root; The form of taproots in the form of tubers.

Classification

Kingdom :         Plantae

Clade       :         Tracheophytes

Clade       :         Angiosperms

Clade       :         Eudicots

Clade       :         Asterids

Order       :         Lamiales

Family    :            Acanthaceae

Genus     :            Ruellia

Species    :           R. Tuberosa

IDENTIFICATION OF ANGEL'S-TEARS (Brugmansia suaveolens)

ANGEL'S-TEARS (Brugmansia suaveolens)

Angel's-tears is a shady plant with attractive trumpet-shaped flowers. Plants included in this classification of eggplants originated from South America and were then brought by traders and adventurers in the past to the entire world, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, this plant is commonly called the Angel Trumpet. Brugmansia can be found growing wild or planted in pots. Attractive flower colors can enhance your home page. There are several types of brugmansia, including orange clementine brugmansia such as oranges, pink lipstick brugmansia, butter yellow butter bomb brugmansia, and reddish brugmansia signal reddish.

Morphological character

     Habitus : herbaceous plants.  Stems of wood, hard and thick. Branch: Many branches and expand to the right and left to form a wide space; height of amethyst plants 0.5-2 m. Leaves: Shaped ovoid; single; thin; on the edges notched sharp curves and face to face; tip, base tapered; pinnate reinforcement. Amethyst leaves are green. Flowers: The single amethyst resembles a trumpet; the crown is purple; the length of the flower is approximately 12-18 cm; serrated flowers 5-6 and short. Flower stalk about 1-3 cm; 5 flower petals with pointed stems. Funnel-shaped crown tubes; strong ribs; and edge 5; taju is crowned by a stroke; the stamens are stuck at the end of the crown tube and as a hair frame is shrunk down. Flowers bloom at night. Flowers open before sunset and close next evening.

Classification

Kingdom   :                  Plantae 

Division    :                  Tracheophyta 

Class         :                  Magnoliopsida

Order        :                  Solanales

Genus       :                  Brugmansia

Species      :                 Brugmansia suaveolens

IDENTIFICATION OF BENGAL TRUMPET (Thunbergia grandiflora)

BENGAL TRUMPET (Thunbergia grandiflora)

Bengal trumpet (Thunbergia grandiflora) is a perennial green vines of the family Acanthaceae. This plant is native to China, India, Nepal, Indochina, and Burma, and is widely naturalized in various other places. Common names in English include: Bengal clockvine, Bengal trumpet, blue skyflower, blue thunbergia, blue trumpetvine, clockvine, skyflower and skyvine.

Morphological character

This plant height can reach 20 meters. And has a long root system with deep taproots. The leaves are berpetiol and opposite each other have a rough surface and varying sizes; the shape can be like a triangle or oval and the edges may be jagged; bumpy or plain. The length of the leaves  20 cm, and the width 6 cm. The flowers are colored white; length 8 cm with a 4 cm long. The pods contain seeds that scatter up to several meters when cooked. This plant also multiplies through its parts that move through waterways.

Classification             

Kingdom           : Plantae 

Division          : Tracheophyta

Class                  : Magnoliopsida

Order                 :  Lamiales

Family                : Acanthaceae  

Genus                : Thunbergia Retz.

Species               : Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb.

IDENTIFICATION OF CALLISTEMON BOTTLEBRUSH (Callistemon citrinus)

CALLISTEMON BOTTLEBRUSH (Callistemon citrinus)

The genus Callistemon belongs to the Myrtaceae family and consists of about thirty-four varieties, ‘Callistemon’ means Anther beauty, it is an evergreen shrubs and small tree with lanceolate and aromatic leaves which are prevalent to Australia although a number of them have been brought to other regions like USA and Africa. Callistemon is referred to as ‘bottle brush’ owing to its cylindrical brush like flowers resembling the conventional bottle brush. The brilliant red flowers spikes of Callistemon citrinus are extremely rich in nectar and as a result attract many birds and insects. Callistemon had been used as anticough and antibronchitis in folkloric medicine. The antiphylococcal, nematocidal, larvicidal, pupicidal, antithrombotic and antioxidant activities of the class Callistemon species and also the antimicrobial properties of their volatile oils had been widely reported (Larayetan et al., 2017).

Morphological character

Habitus : shrubs, reaching 1 m high with slender branches; bent branches; brown to gray and coarse bark, also recaptured. The leaves are linear (3-6 cm long); reddish when young; lemon-scented. Inflorescences are arranged in panicles; 2-5 cm long; at the end of the flowering shoots grow young; pale green flower petals; flower crown consists of 5; many stamens; red with a length of 2-5 cm. The fruit is oval in shape and can survive on stalks for years, containing a variety of seeds. This bottle brush flower can flower all year long. To get good flowers, these plants must be planted with full sun.

Classification             

Kingdom       :  Plantae 

Division         :  Tracheophyta 

Class              :  Magnoliopsida

Order              : Myrtales

Family            : Myrtaceae

Genus             : Callistemon

Species            : Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels

       Reference

      Larayetan, R. A., Okoh, O. O., Sadimenko, A., & Okoh, A. I., 2017. Terpene constituents of the aerial parts, phenolic content, antibacterial potential, free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels (Myrtaceae) from Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 17(1), pp.292.

IDENTIFICATION OF HIBISCUS (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L)

                                                    HIBISCUS (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L)

Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) Is a shrub of the Malvaceae tribe originating from East Asia and widely grown as an ornamental plant in the tropics and subtropics. Large flowers, red and odorless. Flowers from a variety of cultivars and hybrids can be either single flowers (single-leaf crowns) or double flowers (layered crowns) which are white to yellow, orange to dark red or pink.

Morphological character

Habitus : shrubs that grows upright with lots of branches. 1-4 cm high, growing from the lowlands to the mountains. Single leaf is ovoid with rough jagged edges and the bones of the leaves are fingered, the tip is tapered, the leaf length is 3.5-9.5 cm and the width is 2-6 cm with a leaf-shaped support. The leaves have a stalk with a stalk length of 1-3.7 cm, a single flower coming out of the armpit of the leaf, slightly hanging, with a flowering stalk, the color of the flower is red.

Classification

Kingdom           : Plantae

Class                  : Magnoliopsida

Division             : Magnoliophyta

Family                : Malvaceae

Order                 : Malvales

Genus                : Hibiscus

Species               : Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.