IDENTIFICATION OF PASSIONFLOWER PERFUMED ( Passiflora vitifolia)

PASSIONFLOWER PERFUMED ( Passiflora vitifolia)

Morphological character

Stems covered in red-brown hairs when young. The leaves are three-lobed; up to 15 cm long; 18 cm broad. The  shape of the leaves resembling that of grape leaves. The flowers are stunning; bright red; up to 9 cm in diameter.the fruit is green-yellow; 5 cm long and 3 cm broad; containing numerous seeds; with edible pulp.

Classification

Kingdom:          Plantae

Clade:                Tracheophytes

Clade:                Angiosperms

Clade:                Eudicots

Clade:                Rosids

Order:                Malpighiales

Family:               Passifloraceae

Genus:               Passiflora

Species:              Passiflora vitifolia

IDENTIFICATION OF JASMINE (Jasminum sambac)

JASMINE (Jasminum sambac)

Jasminum sambac (Arabian jasmine or Sambac jasmine) is a species of jasmine native to tropical Asia, from the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia. It is cultivated in many places, especially across much of South and Southeast Asia. It is naturalised in many scattered locales: Mauritius, Madagascar, the Maldives, Christmas Island, Chiapas, Central America, southern Florida, the Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and the Lesser Antilles.

Morphological character

Habitus: a small bush. Stems: woody with a height of less than 3 meters; slightly downy and sparse. Leaves: pinnate compound (pinnatus); the position of the leaves of the stem (philotaxic) type apposite; each book has two leaves facing each other; has only stems and strands only, ovate-shaped; leaf base is semi-circular while at the tip of the leaf is slightly tapered; like the leaves that are usually described; leaf edge uneven and slightly bumpy; the surface of the leaves is slightly wrinkled like guava leaves with pinnate leaves following the oval leaves; the reinforcement of the leaves is slightly curved.

Classification

Kingdom:          plantae

Clade:                tracheophytes

Clade:                angiosperms

Clade:                eudicots

Clade:                asterids

Order:                lamiales

Family:               oleaceae

Genus:               jasminum

Species:              jasminum sambac

IDENTIFICATION OF COPPER LEAF (Chrysothemis pulchella)

COPPER LEAF (Chrysothemis pulchella)

Morphological character

During spring to summer, the plant blooms with very showy orange-red flowers. The bright yellow corolla; with some red stripes or spots; is about twice the length of the calyx; with a narrow tube and flaring lobes. The corolla is short-lived; lasting only a day or two; but the colored calyx is very long-lasting and decorative. Leaves are large; dark-green with brown touch and very ornamental. The thick and succulent stems are usually grown upright. The flowers are formed densely together as a bunch of foliage.

Classification

Kingdom :        Plantae

Clade      :        Tracheophytes

Clade      :        Angiosperms

Clade      :        Eudicots

Clade      :         Asterids

Order      :         Lamiales

Family    :         Gesneriaceae

Genus     :         Chrysothemis

Species   :          Chrysothemis pulchella

IDENTIFICATION OF CHRISTPLANT (Euphorbia milii)

CHRISTPLANT (Euphorbia milii)

Euphorbia milii, the crown of thorns, Christ plant, or Christ thorn, called Corona de Cristo in Latin America (coroa-de-cristo in Brazil), is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaciae, native to Madagascar. The species name commemorates Baron Milius, once Governor of Réunion, who introduced the species to France in 1821. It is imagined that the species was introduced to the Middle East in ancient times, and legend associates it with the crown of thorns worn by Christ.

Morphological character

Habitus : subshrub. Growing to 25-40cm tall. with densely spiny stems. The straight; slender spines; up to 3 cm (1.2 in) long. The leaves are found mainly on new growth, and are up to 3.5 cm (1.4 in) long and 1.5 cm (0.59 in) broad. The flowers are small; subtended by a pair of conspicuous petal-like bracts; variably red, pink or white; up to 12 mm (0.47 in) broad.

Classification

Kingdom           :               Plantae

Clade                 :              Tracheophytes

Clade                 :              Angiosperms

Clade                 :              Eudicots

Clade                 :              Rosids

Order                 :              Malpighiales

Family                :              Euphorbiaceae

Genus                :              Euphorbia

Species               :              Euphorbia milii

IDENTIFICATION OF ROSE BALSAM (Impatiens balsamina L.)

ROSE BALSAM (Impatiens balsamina L.)

 Rose balsam (Impatiens balsamina L.) is a plant originating from South and Southeast Asia but was introduced to America in the 19th century. This plant is an annual or biennial plant and has white, red, purple, or pink flowers. The shape of the flower resembles a small orchid flower. The height of this plant can reach one meter with thick stems but not fluffy and serrated leaves.

Morphological character

Rose balsam can grow to reach 80 cm. Root: fibers. The stem of the plant is wet; round; soft; forked; yellowish green in color; and grow perpendicularly. The leaves are jagged at the edges and are shaped like spears. The flowers consist of various attractive colors such as red, pink, white to purple. Fruit: oval shaped and if touched will erupt and emit black round seeds.

Classification

Kingdom   :       Plantae

Division    :        Magnoliophyta

Class         :        Magnoliopsida

Order        :        Ericales

Family      :         Balsaminaceae

Genus       :        Impatiens

Species      :        Impatiens balsamina L.

IDENTIFICATION OF EGYPTIAN STAR CLUSTER (Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers)

EGYPTIAN STAR CLUSTER (Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers)

Pentas lanceolata, commonly known as Egyptian star cluster, is a species of flowering plant in the madder family, Rubiaceae that is native to much of Africa as well as Yemen. It is known for its wide use as a garden plant where it often accompanies butterfly gardens.

Morphological character

Habitus: low shrub, 25-30 cm high. Trunk: Upright, rounded, simpodial branching. Leaves: Single; alternately facing; oval; tapered base; flat edge; pointed tip; pinnate reinforcement; 3-7 cm long; 3-5 cm wide;  green. Flowers; Compound; androgynous; funnel-shaped petals; four stamens; 0.5 cm long; anthers attached to the crown; purple.

Classification

Kingdom           :           Plantae

Clade                 :           Tracheophytes

Clade                 :           Angiosperms

Clade                 :           Eudicots

Clade                 :           Asterids

Order                 :           Gentianales

Family                :           Rubiaceae

Genus                :           Pentas

Species               :           Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers

IDENTIFICATION OF TREAD WENCH (Catharanthus roseus)

 TREAD WENCH (Catharanthus roseus)

Catharanthus is a perennial tropical medicinal plant belonging to the Family Apocynaceae which comprises eight species, seven endemic to Madagascar (C. Coriaceus, C. Lanceus, C. Longifolius, C. Ovalis, C. Roseus, C. Scitulus, C. Trichophyllus), and one, C. Pusillus, from India. Specifically, C. Roseus is a decorative and curing plant of enormous pharmaceutical interest because it is nothing less than a chemical factory, producing more than 130 different terpenoid indole alkaloids (tias), some of which exhibit strong and important pharmacological activities . In fact, vinblastine and vincristine are commercial tias used in anticancer chemotherapy, and together with a number of related semi-synthetic compounds, are collectively named the Vinca alkaloids. Currently, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine and vindesine have been used in clinical trials, although only vinblastine, vincristine and vinorelbine have been approved for medical treatment in the United States. Vinflunine, a fluorinated analogue of vinorelbine, has been approved in Europe. Vincristine and vinblastine also show a strong antimicrobial activity. In addition, C. Roseus also produces ajmalicine and serpentine, which are monoterpenic indole alkaloids used as anti-hypertensive and anti-neuro-inflammatory agents, yohimbine which is mainly used in treatments for erectile dysfunction, and vindolicine used for the development of antidiabetic therapeutics (Almagro, 2015).

Morphological character

Habitus: shrub is low; plant height is 10-33cm. Diameter of stem <2cm; cylindrical stem shape; green bang color; bare stem surface; spreading leaf layout; stem length 5-30cm; green leaf stem color. Flat leaf base; serrated leaf edge; pointed leaf tip; leaf tip surface green; leaf surface color is pale green; pinnate leaf reinforcement. The position of the flower grows at the tip; single flower; sticky petals.

Classification

Kingdom          : Plantae

Division           : Magnoliophyta

Class                : Magnoliopsida

Order               : Gentianales

Family             : Apocynaceae

Genus              : Catharanthus

Species            : C. Roseus

Reference :

         Almagro, L., Fernández-Pérez, F., & Pedreño, M. A., 2015. Indole alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus: bioproduction and their effect on human health. Molecules, 20(2), pp.2973-3000.